Shapes of Nature Credits


Shapes of Nature: Picture Credits

The publisher would like to thank the following for their kind permission to reproduce their photographs:

Navigation Key

(a) above; (b) below/bottom; (c) centre;  (f) far; (l) left; (r) right; (t) top

 

 

Cover & Spine Credits

Front and Back 

  • 123RF.com: alekss, Boonchuay, cynoclub / Bonzami Emmanuelle, Hapelena, Pixelelfe / Petra Schüller, Liubov Shirokova, Studio306.

  • Depositphotos Inc: natika.

  • Dorling Kindersley: Gyuri Csoka Cyorgy, Holts Gems (Hatton Garden / Richard Leeney), Natural History Museum (London / Colin Keates, London / Colin Keates, London / Colin Keates / Frank Greenaway, London / Colin Keates, London / Colin Keates/ Tim Parmenter), Linda Pitkin.

  • Dreamstime.com: Dreamstimedk, Eivaisla, Grafvision, Richard Griffin, kikkerdirk / Dirk Ercken, Ali Altug Kirisoglu, Tamara Kulikova, Robyn Mackenzie, Marcouliana, Mgkuijpers / Matthijs Kuijpers, Alexander Potapov, Artaporn Puthikampol, Rbiedermann, Taviphoto, Vitalssss, Ewa Walicka, Xxmajaxx, Zelfit.

  • Getty Images / iStock: E+ / AntiMartina, E+ / Imv, Lekyum.

  • Julian Kamzol.

  • Shutterstock.com: Dirk Ercken, Oleksandr Kostiuchenko.

Front Cover

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Joel Douillet (clb/Sweet Juliet, crb/Sweet Juliet), Friedrich von Hörsten (crb, clb), Jatesada Natayo, Robert Wyatt (cla, cra)

  • Dreamstime.com: Grafvision. 

  • Shutterstock.com: Oleksandr Kostiuchenko.

Back Cover

  • 123RF.com: Melinda Fawver.

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Joel Douillet (clb/Sweet Juliet, crb/Sweet Juliet), Friedrich von Hörsten (clb, crb), Jatesada Natayo (tl, tr), Robert Wyatt (cra, cla).

Spine

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Image Source Limited / Corey Hochachka (t).

  • Getty Images: Moment / Tomekbudujedomek (b).

 

 

Internal Page Credits

Pages 2–3

  • 2 Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London / Colin Keates (c).

  • 2 Dreamstime.com: Evgeniya Moroz (clb); Photowitch (tl).

  • 2 Shutterstock.com: hena cher (bc).

  • 2-3 Getty Images: Moment / Tomekbudujedomek (tc).

  • 3 Adobe Stock: blackdiamond67 (bl).

  • 3 Dorling Kindersley: Thomas Marent and Thomas Marent (tr).

  • 3 Dreamstime.com: Inna Tarasenko (br); Vladvitek (crb).

Pages 4–5

  • 123RF.com: paulrommer (61), peterwaters (98), prudek (13).

  • Adobe Stock: Wirestock / Henk Wallays (75).

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Colin Ewington (106), photosteve (2), Apurv Jadhav (40), The Natural History Museum, London (41, 66), HappyWhale VFX (51), Frank Hecker (56), Minden Pictures / Jelger Herder / Buiten-beeld (67), Nature Photographers Ltd / PAUL R. STERRY (82), imageBROKER.com / Hans Lang (113), Stefan Sollfors (14, 26).

  • Dorling Kindersley: Neil Fletcher (58), Natural History Museum, London / Colin Keates (4).

  • Dreamstime.com: Alslutsky (83, 132), Henk Wallays (39, 62, 84, 95), PeterWaters (44, 87), Andreas Häuslbetz (57, 60), Phichak Limprasutr (80).

  • Getty Images / iStock: ViniSouza128 (96, 101), Alexander Hasenkampf (50, 131).

  • U.S. Geological Survey: Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab Team (USGS Bees).

Pages 6–7

  • 6 Alamy Stock Photo: imageBROKER.com / Matt Cole (ca).

  • 6 Science Photo Library: Steve Gschmeissner (cla), Cordelia Molloy (br).

  • 7 Alamy Stock Photo: Nature Picture Library / MYN / Clay Bolt (c), Niall Benvie (br).

  • 7 Claire Ingram: (tr).

Pages 8–9

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Charles Melton (103); The Natural History Museum, London (13); Christian Musat (41).

  • Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London / Frank Greenaway (Large collection: 1–136), Tim Parmenter (106), Colin Keates (50, 122, 133).

  • Shutterstock.com: Alslutsky (90).


Pages 10-11

  • 10-11 Dorling Kindersley: Thomas Marent (t). 

  • 10 Alamy Stock Photo: piemags / nature (2/cb). 

  • 10 Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London / Colin Keates (1/cb); Natural History Museum, London / Frank Greenaway (4/cb, 5/cb, 6/cb, 7/cb). 

  • 10 Warren Photographic Limited: (cl). 

  • 11 Dorling Kindersley: Thomas Marent (b). 

  • 11 Dreamstime.com: Romantiche (cra). 

  • 11 Getty Images: Photographer's Choice RF / Sylvain Cordier (bl). 


Pages 12-13

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Ephotocorp / Zeeshan Mirza (85); Nature Picture Library / Robert Thompson (80); Minden Pictures / Thomas Marent (105).

  • Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London / Frank Greenaway (Extensive collection: 1–162).

  • Dreamstime.com: Adonis1969 (161); Viter8 (16); Gabriela Insuratelu (40); Cosmin Manci (89); Susan Hodgson (93); Dennis Jacobsen (106); Alexander Hasenkampf (126); Digitalimagined (155); Isselee (156); David Havel (157); Sander Meertins (158); Toby Gibson (159).

Pages 14–15

  • 14-15 Alamy Stock Photo: Nature Picture Library / John Abbott (t). 

  • 14 Alamy Stock Photo: Minden Pictures / Ingo Arndt (br); Nature Picture Library / John Abbott (ca); Nature Photographers Ltd / PAUL R. STERRY (bc). 

  • 14 Dreamstime.com: Bidouze Stephane (bc/macrocilix maia). 

  • 15 Alamy Stock Photo: Richard Becker (clb); Rebecca Cole (c). 

  • 15 Shutterstock.com: Marek R. Swadzba (br). 


Pages 16-17

  • 123RF.com: Charles Brutlag (106). 

  • Alamy Stock Photo: David Chapman (89); George Grall (50); Michael Grant Travel (71); RGB Ventures / SuperStock / Skip Moody / Rainbow (84); Frank Hecker (109); Clarence Holmes Wildlife (111); Christian Hütter (131). 

  • Dorling Kindersley: Thomas Marent (33, 48, 72, 119, 130); Thomas Marent (63). 

  • Dreamstime.com: ViniSouza128 (69); Mrehssani (1); Steve Byland (2); Suprachai Akkho (10); Jason Ondreicka (15, 30, 32, 70, 80, 83, 86, 99); Anest (16); Brenda Pullen (17); Galinasavina (18); Thomas Lenne (20, 51); Melinda Fawver (4, 21, 42, 82, 85, 94); Isselee (22, 28, 75, 76, 43, 5); Wendi Apriadi (24); Kitsen (25); Yodke67 (31, 34); Mochamad Munir (35); Milkovasa (36); Eduardo Axel (37); Jonathan Chancasana (38); Sgoodwin4813 (40); Ernest Cooper (41); Brian Lasenby (45); Meisterphotos (49); Aleksander Kovaltchuk (52); Wirestock (53, 66, 98); Whiskybottle (54); Jnjhuz (55); Ian Redding (56); Steven Prorak (58); Jacques Vanni (61); Irina Kozhemyakina (62); Digitalimagined (68); Kora Kora Design (73); Zerbor (88); Swee Ming Young (92); Viniciussouza06 (95); Jens Stolt (96); Sandra Standbridge (9, 57, 78, 81, 100, 103); Copora (101); Henk Wallays (67, 90, 102); Pimmimemom (104); Plazaccameraman (105); Zhbampton (39, 107, 113, 129); Spineback (108); Anatoliy Berislavskiy (110); Natalya Aksenova (115); Roman Milert (116); Lawcain (118); Millafedotova (120); Andreas Häuslbetz (121); Sutisa Kangvansap (122, 135, 65); Danut Vieru (64, 123); David Havel (124); Matee Nuserm (126); Sander Meertins (14, 127); Brett Hondow (128, 132); Agdbeukhof (133); Prakasit (134); Siarhei Zhukovich (47). 

  • Getty Images / iStock: AlasdairJames (74); yod67 (44); KirsanovV (60); Teptong (8); Brett_Hondow (12); IGraDesign (13); Woratep (19); DMVPhotography (23); JulieAlexK (26); lkpro (77); Mathisa_s (87, 91, 93); ViniSouza128 (7, 97, 114); Andrew Waugh (125). 



Pages 18–19

  • 18-19 Getty Images: 500px / vilichka2015 (bc). 

  • 18-19 Igor Siwanowicz. 

  • 18 Getty Images: The Image Bank / Oxford Scientific (tr).

  • 19 Dreamstime.com: Cathy Keifer (tr); Jason Ondreicka (crb). naturepl.com: Doug Wechsler (br). 


Pages 20–21

  • 123RF.com: Mirosäaw Kijewski (31). 

  • Adobe Stock: Asfloro (4); Tim's Insects (66); Teptong (100); Igor (112).

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Rick & Nora Bowers (24, 105); Denis Crawford (18); Survivalphotos (30, 44); Nature Picture Library / MYN / Dirk Funhoff (35, 63, 81); Andrew Darrington (42); SuperStock / Urbach, James (84); Nature Photographers Ltd / Paul R. Sterry (94); Minden Pictures / Silvia Reiche (95); Malcolm Schuyl (109). 

  • Dorling Kindersley: Thomas Marent (28, 117); Thomas Marent / Thomas Marent (10, 46, 49, 72, 76, 99); Stratford-Upon-Avon Butterfly House / Richard Leeney (21); Natural History Museum, London / Frank Greenaway (92). 

  • Dreamstime.com: Darius Bauys (53, 61); Matee Nuserm (1, 8, 14, 15, 16, 25, 41, 50, 55, 78, 103, 113, 121); Paul Reeves (2); Palex66 (5); Mrehssani (3, 11, 70); Contrail1 (13); Danut Vieru (17); Antonio Ribeiro (19); Bidouze Stephane (27); Vinesh Kumar (29); Xiaoxia Jia (39); Rajashrijoshi (47); Nilanka Sampath (48); Ruby B. Llamas (52); Swee Ming Young (54); Tomatito26 (57); Elise V Pearlstine (59); Koragit Chaipanha (64); Yodke67 (68); Jason Ondreicka (69); Sarah2 (73); Hwongcc (82); Meisterphotos (88); Cosmin Manci (98); Iuliia Morozova (20, 23, 33, 43, 45, 51, 58, 75, 77, 79, 85, 96, 97, 101, 115, 124); Sutisa Kangvansap (22, 36, 67, 71, 80, 87, 108); Jens Stolt (111, 123); Ian Redding (116); Weber (93); Pimmimemom (65). 

  • Getty Images / iStock: Lu Gan (118); NNehring (7); Iuliia Morozova (37, 60); Karimitsu (56); LizMinkertJohnson (102); Mathisa_s (26, 32, 38, 91, 106); Anusorn Nimitpratoom (119); LeoniekvanderVliet (120). 

  • Getty Images: Seeer / Imazins (40, 83, 104, 107, 110); Jasius (86).


Pages 22–23

  • 22-23 Getty Images / iStock: CathyKeifer (t). 

  • 22 Alamy Stock Photo: Denis Crawford (crb/eggs). 

  • 22 Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London / Colin Keates (crb/butterfly). Dreamstime.com: Tenrook (crb). 

  • 22 Getty Images / iStock: arlindo71 / E+ (crb/caterpillar). 

  • 22 naturepl.com: Edwin Giesbers (crb/chrysalis). 

  • 23 Alamy Stock Photo: All Canada Photos / Barrett & MacKay (bl); Avalon.red / Stephen Dalton (bc); Chronicle (br). 

  • 23 DRYAD: (cb). 


Pages 24-25

  • 24-25 Adobe Stock: Andrey (110); Wayan Sumatika (12); Narupon (17); Csar (21); Chang (57); Annette Buchkowski (84); Jag Images (87, 87); Jag Images (87, 87); Moneycue_Canada (124); RachelKolokoffHopper (147); Chase DAnimulls (45, 149). 

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Adrian Hepworth (131); Kevin Knight (1); John Abbott (2, 54); George Grall (8); Daybreak Imagery (10); Tim Gainey (51); Tim Zurowski (59); SBS Eclectic Images (71); SDym Photography (99); Geo Naturalis (101, 145); Auk Archive (113); Jean-Claude Malausa / Biosphoto (115); Richard & Susan Day / DanitaDelimont.com (36, 74, 118); Robert Pickett (119); Piemags / Nature (18, 75, 132, 133, 139, 150); Lars S. Madsen (142). 

  • Dreamstime.com: Agami Photo Agency (19, 34, 39, 103, 117, 126, 127, 128, 135); Jeffrey Holcombe (4); Kevin M. Mccarthy (6); Rostislav Kralik (7); Burin Ruksasupaya (9); Martin Pelanek (13); Richard Mcmillin (14); Anatolii Efimochkin (15); Yodke67 (22); Rvo233 (23); Nipho Kangkhunthod (25); Zachzimet (26); Ondrej Prosicky (5, 27, 52); Andreas Häuslbetz (28); Yurii Zushchyk (29); Titicaca (30); Miroslav Hlavko (31); Shytskistock (33); Steven Deming (40); Shaunwilkinson (42); Wirestock (44); Viter8 (47); Matee Nuserm (48); Christian Delbert (49); Anteroxx (50); Jitti Thammajinda (53); Jeremy Iushewitz (55); David Martin (56); Ronytheevolution (60); Mike Nettleship (61); Mauro Rodrigues (62); Cwieders (63); Isselee (66); Grobler Du Preez (69); Rajesh . (70); Sander Meertins (73, 79); Dieniti (76); Mikhail Gnatkovskiy (77); Nuwat Phansuwan (82); Earnesttse (83); Jmrocek (85); Yuval Helfman (88); Henri Koskinen (89); Domiciano Pablo Romero Franco (100); Alslutsky (20, 24, 41, 46, 64, 92, 93, 94, 96, 97, 98, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 143); Alfred Wimmer (72, 109); Rizzal Syah (114); Paul Reeves (67, 116, 146, 148); Dipak Talati (120); Ken Griffiths (121); Kyle Horner (123); Paul Sparks (16, 125, 129); Kostik88 (130); Michael Meijer (134); Melinda Fawver (136); Rachel Hopper (35, 38, 43, 78, 80, 137); Gerald D. Tang (58, 138); Sandra Standbridge (140); Ottovanrooy (141); Rinus Baak (144). 

  • Getty Images / iStock: DavidByronKeener (81); Keeperofthezoo (11); Tilen Josar (32); Francisco Herrera (111); WilliamSherman (122). 

  • Getty Images: Imagebroker (65). 

  • Shutterstock.com: Alslutsky (68); Pisaisit Watcharotai (3); Michal Hykel (37). 


Pages 26–27

  • 26-27 Alamy Stock Photo: AGP / Paolo Reda - REDA &CO (b).

  • 26 Adobe Stock: blackdiamond67 (bl). 

  • 26 naturepl.com: Etienne Littlefair (cla). 

  • 26 Science Photo Library: John Devries (cl). 

  • 27 naturepl.com: Bernard Castelein (tr); Ross Hoddinott (br). 

  • 27 Science Photo Library: Nature Picture Library / Jan Hamrsky (tl). 


Pages 28-29

  • 123RF.com: alekss (31). 

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Archive PL (86); Tonia Graves (2); Nature and Science (8); Ivan Kuzmin (16); The Natural History Museum, London; Nature Collection (22); Minden Pictures / Piotr Naskrecki (36); imageBROKER.com / Justus de Cuveland (42); blickwinkel / Hecker (46); Nature Picture Library / MYN / Javier Aznar (55); Charles Melton (61); blickwinkel / H. Bellmann / F. Hecker (67); cbstockfoto (78); Historic Collection (85); Scott Camazine (89); Francisco Martinez-Clavel Martinez (99). 

  • Dorling Kindersley: Thomas Marent (44); Dave King / Booth Museum of Natural History, Brighton (38); Colin Keates / Natural History Museum (70); Brian Hagiwara / Brand X Pictures (73); Gyuri Csoka Cyorgy (80); Colin Keates / Natural History Museum, London (20, 37, 43, 56, 69, 72, 84, 92, 96, 100); Dr. George Beccaloni (101). 

  • Dreamstime.com: Kwanchaidt (26); Alslutsky (11, 15, 18, 29, 35, 90, 94, 68); Isselee (13); Marcouliana (6, 9, 14, 40, 45, 50, 60, 62, 79, 87, 95, 97, 76); Janny739 (27); Afe207 (28); Cosmin Manci (32, 41, 53); Mille19 (34); Vasyl Helevachuk (49); Palex66 (54, 57); Tomas Valenta, Bm Association (59); Catocala7 (64, 81); Buriy (65); Suwat Sirivutcharungchit (98); Javarman (102); Cosmin Manci / Cosmin (19); Viter8 (47); Sarah2 (51); Roman Ivaschenko (66).

  • Shutterstock.com: Tomasz Klejdysz (83).


Pages 30-31

  • 30-31 Nikola Rahme: (b). 

  • 30 Alamy Stock Photo: Nature Picture Library / Tony Wu (cl). 

  • 30 Dreamstime.com: Cathy Keifer (c); Photowitch (tr); Pzaxe (tl); Palex66 (tl/seven-spot ladybird). 

  • 31 Alamy Stock Photo: Biosphoto / Stephane Vitzthum (cra). 

  • 31 Dreamstime.com: Jmrocek (br). 

  • 31 Getty Images / iStock: ConstantinCornel (cr). 


Pages 32-33

  • Adobe Stock: Bennytrapp (76, 77); Science Factory Ltd. (9). 

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Blickwinkel / Layer (54); Ron Eldie (11); Paul R. Sterry (30); Tonia Graves (31); Piemags / Nature (44, 64, 68, 88); Natural History Museum, London (56b). 

  • Dreamstime.com: Kwanchaidt (46b); Catocala7 (2, 3, 25, 65, 80); Bjrn Wylezich (5); Isselee (12, 33, 40, 47, 51, 59); Matee Nuserm (14, 61, 63); Elis Cora! (15); Artushfoto (17); Valentino2 (19, 89); Stbernardstudio (22); Cynoclub (23, 42, 46, 56, 91); Vicnt (26); Feathercollector (29); Bornin54 (32, 86, 93); Yinan Zhang (36); Wirestock (37); Domiciano Pablo Romero Franco (39); Vasyl Helevachuk (41); Rybin (45); Palex66 (49, 71); Vera Aksionava (53); Sarah2 (58); Galinasavina (66); Menno Van Der Haven (67, 74); Lawcain (69); Joanne Rymell (70); Muh Zulpan (78); Irina Kozhemyakina (81); Macsstock (82); Jason Ondreicka (83); Musat Christian (87). 

  • Getty Images / iStock: Brian Woolman (34); Florian Denis (8, 10); Stefano Barzellotti (18). 

  • naturepl.com: Derek Galon (52). 

  • Science Photo Library: Tony Camacho (62). 

  • Shutterstock.com: Dragoneye555 (73); Insectpedia (6, 20, 21, 24); Sai A.d.a (35); Jamikorn Sooktaramorn (48); James D Morgan (92). 


Pages 34-35

  • 34-35 Dreamstime.com: Isselee (t). 

  • 34 Alamy Stock Photo: Minden Pictures / Thomas Marent (br); Nature Picture Library / Alex Hyde (bc); Nature Picture Library / Enrique Lopez-Tapia (bc/gecko). 

  • 34 Getty Images / iStock: wisan224 (bl). 

  • 35 Alamy Stock Photo: Minden Pictures / Piotr Naskrecki (br); Nature Picture Library / Pete Oxford (cr). 


Pages 36-37

  • 123RF.com: daagron (9).
    Adobe Stock: fotomaster (29, 53, 60, 75, 78). 

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Panther Media Global (11); Biosphoto (55); Nature Photographers Ltd (16, 35, 49, 74); Panther Media Global (11). 

  • Dorling Kindersley: Tim Parmenter (64, 113). 

  • Dreamstime.com: Chdecout (97); Samiullah Khan (3); Rudmer Zwerver (6); Vasiliy Vishnevskiy (8, 10, 18, 27, 38, 50, 61, 69, 91, 94, 100, 105, 108, 116, 118, 119, 123, 124); Dracozlat (12); Edmongin (13, 14, 25, 106, 117); Toni Genes (20); Ksenia Samorukova (26); Thana Ram (40); René Richard (44); Steve Callahan (46); Max5128 (57, 81); Chatchaphat Akkharawanthana (59); Forest9 (62); Sheri Lim (70); Nailia Schwarz (76); Andrey Nasonov (99); Oriolus (4, 58, 102); Igor Moisieiev (109); FlorianAndronache (115); Petranka Uzunova (120); Isselee (67, 84, 85, 89, 122); Vladimir Razgulyaev (128). 

  • Getty Images: Valter Jacinto (21). 

  • Getty Images / iStock: JoanBudai (98). 

  • The Natural History Museum, London: Tim Parmenter (1, 2, 7, 15, 19, 22, 24, 5, 17, 23, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 37, 39, 41, 42, 43, 47, 48, 51, 54, 56, 63, 65, 66, 68, 71, 72, 77, 79, 80, 82, 83, 86, 87, 90, 92, 93, 95, 96, 103, 110, 111, 112, 114, 121, 125, 126, 127, 129, 130, 131, 45, 28); Tim ParmenterHawfinch egg, pure white with sparse, large brown spots. (73). 


Pages 38-39

  • 38 Alamy Stock Photo: Life on white (br/cassowary egg); Borislav Marinic (br). 

  • 38 Dreamstime.com: Le Thuy Do (bc); Burt Johnson (bl). 

  • 39 Adobe Stock: Tonia (crb). 

  • 39 Alamy Stock Photo: Minden Pictures / Fred Bavendam (bc); Nature Picture Library / Ingo Arndt (cb). 

  • 39 Dreamstime.com: Hollyharryoz (br).


Pages 40-41

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Christian Hütter (77, 111); Fabrizio Troiani (19); Nobuo Matsumura (28); imageBROKER / C. Huetter (96); Philip Jones (99); Naturepix (123); Nature Picture Library (127). 

  • Dorling Kindersley: Barnabas Kindersley (85). 

  • Dreamstime.com: Tony Bosse (107); Heather Snow (55); Jill Shepherd (58); Feathercollector (76, 87); Melinda Fawver (79, 80); Smileus (88); Vtorous (8); Roman Ivaschenko (12); Picstudio (89); Evgeniya Moroz (93); Irisangel (100); Wollertz (122). 

  • Featherbase scientific feather collection, www.featherbase.info, HAASE, SCHWENK, SCHLUSEN et. al. (2024): Frederic Bauer (32); Wolfgang H (1); Patrick Donini (3); Thomas Hinsche (7); Norbert Kappenstein (10); Alexander Haase (13, 51); Jo Kuyken (2, 5, 6, 17, 21, 22, 25, 27, 29, 47, 53, 56, 57, 59, 61, 64, 69, 70, 74, 94, 103, 106, 113, 121, 130); B Franzke (18); Sheau Torng Lim (30); Alyn Walsh (31, 42); Vogelnarr (37, 44); Felix Klose (38); Dieter Goebel-Berggold (39); Thomas Hochebner (40, 60); Isidro Vila Verde (41); Andreas Stumpner (43); A. Haase (46, 49, 63); A. Le Calvez (50); Stefan Wöhrmann (52); sitagita (67); Jim Bendon (71); L Y (72); Hanne L (95); Peter A. Reichart (97); Jens Linke (101); Markus Sobotka (11, 23, 24, 102); Hans Rentsch (9, 35, 36, 45, 104, 116); Dietmar Kohler (109); Jörg Schlusen (114); W. Hansen (26, 117, 131); Herbert Henderkes (118); Matthias Schulte (119); Nekane Manjón Navarro (4, 120); A. Janusz (125); W. Van de Bunte (129); E. Díaz Martínez (133). 

  • Getty Images: Darrell Gulin (86); Lea Scaddan (128). 

  • Getty Images / iStock: Terryfic3D (68). 

  • Shutterstock.com: Cryber (124); nadtytok (132). 

  • The Natural History Museum, London: Peter Chadwick (15, 20, 33, 34, 48, 62, 73, 78, 82, 83, 84, 90, 91, 98, 108, 110, 112, 115, 126); Philip Dowell (54, 65, 75, 134). 



Pages 42-43

  • 42-43 Dreamstime.com: Mustafanc (c). 

  • 42 Dreamstime.com: Passakorn Umpornmaha (t). 

  • 42 Science Photo Library: Dennis Kunkel Microscopy (cl); Nature Picture Library / Ernie Janes (bl). 

  • 43 Alamy Stock Photo: Minden Pictures / Norbert Wu (tr). 

  • 43 Getty Images / iStock: E+ / Ithinksky (br). 



Pages 44-45

  • 123RF.com: Tom Grundy / Pancaketom (52). 

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Life On White (68); Piemags / Nature (31). 

  • Dorling Kindersley: (66); Peter Janzen (11); Gary Ombler (15); Thomas Marent / Thomas Marent (17, 60); Twan Leenders / (27, 38, 81, 83); Jan Van Der Voort (37). 

  • Dreamstime.com: (6); Verastuchelova (1); Isselee (12, 23, 24, 25, 26, 33, 41, 49, 58, 77); Dirk Ercken / Kikkerdirk (13); Viter8 (16); Kazoka (20); Mgkuijpers (4, 22); Michieldewit (30); Sdbower (44, 79); Alslutsky (45); Davidgn (48); Gucio55 (61); Irina Kozhemyakina / Ir717 (70); Mgkuijpers / Matthijs Kuijpers (74); Taviphoto (84); kikkerdirk / Dirk Ercken (89); Regien Paassen / Dzain (90). 

  • Shutterstock.com: Dirk Ercken (47).



Pages 46-47

  • 46 Dorling Kindersley: Thomas Marent (l). 

  • 46 Dreamstime.com: Zdeněk Mačát (br). 

  • 46 Getty Images / iStock: Mark Kostich (tc). 

  • 47 123RF.com: yod67 (br). 

  • 47 Adobe Stock: kuritafsheen (bl). 

  • 47 Alamy Stock Photo: Blueshiftstudios / David Cook (bc/common frog); Minden Pictures / Stephen Dalton (clb); Nature Picture Library / Jen Guyton (bc/robber frog). 

  • 47 Dorling Kindersley.  

  • 47 Dreamstime.com: Michiel De Wit (bc). 

  • 47 Shutterstock.com: Kurit afshen (tr).




Pages 48-49

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Auscape International Pty Ltd / Auscape / Becca Saunders (155); SuperStock / RGB Ventures / Stuart Westmorland (3); PF-(usna1) (36); Stephen Frink Collection (40); Buerkel, D.L. / juniors@wildlife (49); blickwinkel / McPHOTO / BIO (81); Nature Picture Library / Michael Durham (86); VWPics / Kelvin Aitken (96); Martin Harvey (103); blickwinkel / Teigler (113); Michael Patrick O'Neill (128); juniors@wildlife / Buerkel, D.L. (139); Nature Photographers Ltd / PAUL R. STERRY (149); blickwinkel / McPHOTO / Bioquatic (162); Paulo Oliveira (70, 73); Pally (75); Imagebroker (91); Visual and Written / Kelvin Aitken / VWPics (88). 

  • Dorling Kindersley: Phillippe Bearez (62); Frank Greenaway (8); Linda Pitkin (11, 17, 19, 34, 38, 55, 77, 92, 94, 110, 154, 161, 163); David Harasti (12, 72); Weymouth Sea Life Centre / Gary Ombler (46); Marc Bosch Mateu (50); Joseph McKenna (51); Dr. Peter M Forster (58); Johnny Jensen (74, 76); Rick Hibpshman (85); Karen Honeycutt (95); Jason Hamm (118); Professor Michael M. Mincarone (131); Laszlo S Ilyes (137); David Fenwick (140); Brian Pitkin (146); Brian Gratwicke (156). 

  • Dreamstime.com: Amwu (121); Ian Scott (13); Voislav Kolevski (24); Artur Bogacki (26); Geza Farkas (43); Mikhailg (44); Michael Wood (63); Slowmotiongli (68); Irina Kozhemyakina (80); John Anderson (82); Sombra12 (99); Mirecca (100); Cynoclub (101, 114); Ali Altug Kirisoglu (102); Iliuta Goean (104); Topaz777 (105); Mirkorosenau (2, 5, 6, 30, 42, 106, 107, 122, 124, 126, 127, 129, 135, 142, 143, 144, 148, 152, 160, 164, 165, 145); Paul Atkinson (108); Tatiana Belova (109); Elena Podolnaya (112); Moori (115); Copora (116); Johannesk (117); Tatus (22, 23, 25, 93, 119); Danolsen (120); Antos777 (125); Antonio Gravante (130); Valeronio (132); Bennymarty (134); Viktor Nikitin (150); Isselee (53, 159); Tonton Maboloc (167); Wrangel (168); Andylid (33); Pilens / Stephan Pietzko (45); Goruppa (90); Serg_dibrova (158, 136); Planetfelicity (98, 97). 

  • Getty Images / iStock: Arsty (133). 

  • Getty Images: Photodisc / Georgette Douwma (32).


Pages 50-51

  • 50 Dreamstime.com: Mirkorosenau (tc). 

  • 50 naturepl.com: Maxime Aliaga (br). 

  • 51 BluePlanetArchive.com: Steven Kovacs (crb). 

  • 51 Christopher Doherty Photography: (cla). 

  • 51 Dreamstime.com: Arsty (bc); Vladvitek (tc); Sekarb (cb). 


Pages 52-53

  • 123RF.com: Pixelelfe / Petra Schüller (17); Andrzej Tokarski / ajt (54). 

  • Adobe Stock: dule964 (57); RealityImages (1); Thijs de Graaf (39). 

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Mark J. Barrett (60); SBS Eclectic Images (4); Clarence Holmes Wildlife (23); Nick Upton (27); piemags / nature (31, 43, 76, 84, 42); David Wall (38); Historic Collection (46); Premaphotos (49); SuperStock / RGB Ventures / James Urbach (50); Christian Musat (59); Simon Stirrup (72); Nature Picture Library / MYN / Dirk Funhoff (73); Sabena Jane Blackbird (75); Redmond O. Durrell (93). 

  • Dreamstime.com: Andreas Häuslbetz (45); Francisco Blanco (53); Michael Pabst (63, 7); Steven Cukrov (66); Emmanuelle Grimaud (67); Cynoclub (69, 80); Oleksandr Lutsenko (70); Cristian Storto (77); Dmytro Tkalia (82); Heike Koenig (83); Wirestock (87); Ernest Cooper (88); Edurivero (8); Bima Wibowo (9); Rozalina Nenova (71, 13); Sweetybeady (15); Chinchar (16); Dwiputra18 (18); Sarah2 (65, 19); Digitalimagined (20); Oleh Marchak (25); Chawich Udomsatapol (28); Swee Ming Young (30); Oleg Kovtun (55, 32); Viniciussouza06 (33); Victor Suarez Naranjo (36); Janis Becs (40); Ken Griffiths (44); Jannekespr (11); Cammeraydave (34); Isselee (90, 6, 41). 

  • Getty Images / iStock: Cascadian (94). 

  • naturepl.com: Claudio Contreras (95); Bruno D'Amicis (14); Steven David Miller (89). 

  • Shutterstock.com: Michael Barajas (64); reptiles4all (2); Louis Hsu (3); Tarumaphoto (5); Cosmin Manci (12); Dan Olsen (26); Sapodorado26 (47); Aleksei Marinchenko (58); Macronatura.es (68); KarenHBlack (96); Rajek (103).


Pages 54-59

  • 54-55 Alamy Stock Photo: Nature Picture Library / Kim Taylor (c). 

  • 54 Alamy Stock Photo: Nature Picture Library / Bruno D'Amicis (tl). 

  • 54 Science Photo Library: Ian Gowland (bl). 

  • 55 Alamy Stock Photo: Nature Picture Library / Ingo Arndt (r). 

  • 55 naturepl.com: Nature Production (tr). 

  • 55 Science Photo Library: Eye Of Science (bc).

  • 56-57 Simon Aiken: (32, 48, 54, 67, 69, 73, 84, 97, 119). 

  • 58-59 Getty Images / iStock: Malerapaso (c). 

  • 58 123RF.com: Andreahast (tl). 

  • 58 Alamy Stock Photo: Buiten-Beeld / Jelger Herder (cl). 

  • 58 Getty Images / iStock: E+ / Julichka (cr); Kimeveruss (clb). 

  • 58 naturepl.com: Alex Mustard (c). 

  • 59 Depositphotos Inc: Roger-Scardigno (br). 

  • 59 Dreamstime.com: Jeremy Campbell (cra); Isselee (bc). 


Pages 60-61 

  • Adobe Stock: Etfoto (8). 

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Auscape International Pty Ltd / Becca Saunders / Auscape (23); Nature Picture Library / Sue Daly (1, 9, 31, 45); WaterFrame (2, 29); Premaphotos (3); SBS Eclectic Images (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17); Alessandro Mancini (18); Nature Picture Library / Georgette Douwma (19); Nature Picture Library / Hanne & Jens Eriksen (20); Science History Images (21); David Fleetham (22); Imagebroker.com / Heinz Krimmer (24); Blue Planet Archive LLC (25); Imagebroker.com / Mullen Peter (26); Lee Rentz (27); Brandon Cole Marine Photography (28, 35); CBImages (30); Blickwinkel / R. Koenig (32); Nature Photographers Ltd / Paul R. Sterry (33, 34); Reinhard Dirscherl (36); Blickwinkel (37); Pulsar Imagens (38); Minden Pictures / Norbert Wu (39); Minden Pictures / Fred Bavendam (40); Minden Pictures / Scott Leslie (41); Avalon.red / Oceans Image (42); Andrey Nekrasov (43); Imagebroker.com / Andrey Nekrasov (44); Melba Photo Agency (89). 

  • Dorling Kindersley: Natural History Museum, London / Frank Greenaway (106); Natural History Museum, London / Colin Keates (85); Linda Pitkin (83, 103). 

  • Dreamstime.com: (48, 65); Voislav Kolevski (4, 5, 49, 53); Digitalimagined (46); Ys7485 (47); Aquanaut4 (61, 50, 71); Marie Debs (51); Smitty411 (52); Mark Kirkland (54); Rob Atherton (55); Irina Pislari (56); Björn Wylezich (57); Lauren Cameo (58); Elba Cabrera Abdecoral (59); Brian Scantlebury (60); Koritnik Mladen (63); Ratu Yuliana (64); Irina Kozhemyakina (66); Serg_dibrova (67); Gherzak (68); Shopartgallerycom (69); Ethan Daniels (70); Matthew Mcclure (72); Robyn Butler (73); Derek Holzapfel (74); Aleksey Solodov (62, 108). 

  • Getty Images / iStock: Dave Collins (77); Igoraquaman (75); Indigojt (78); Robert Pavsic (76). 

  • naturepl.com: Franco Banfi (6, 7); Oceanwide / Gary Bell (109); Georgette Douwma (110). 

  • Science Photo Library: Andrew J. Martinez (120); Stuart Wilson (119). 

  • Shutterstock.com: Valda Butterworth (115); Tulen (111); Matt Knoth (112); Ihwan Jaelani (113); Wanelen (114); Ronald Shimek (116); Shoma81 (117); JaysonPhotography (118). 


Pages 62-63

  • 62 Dreamstime.com: Feathercollector (cra); Kooslin (tr). 

  • 63 BluePlanetArchive.com: Doug Perrine (tl). 

  • 63 naturepl.com: Brandon Cole (clb); Georgette Douwma (cb). 

  • 63 Science Photo Library: Georgette Douwma (cb/Brittle star); Andrew J. Martinez (bc). 

  • 63 Shutterstock.com: Abcphotosystem (crb); Almondd (br). 


Pages 64-65

  • 123RF.com: Mariusz Jurgielewicz (100). 

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Cavan Images (51); Veronica Wong (2); Julie Pigula (25); Frank Hecker (28); Deborah Vernon (34); D. Trozzo (78); Tim Gainey (91); Valery Voennyy (129). 

  • Dreamstime.com: Andersastphoto (64); Paveena Spooner (1); Winning7799 (3); Anna Puhan (4); Marion Meyer (5); Chris Hill (7); Iofoto (8); Sergey Kolesnikov (10); Melinda Fawver (12); Andreas Steidlinger (14); Shimbhu Saini (15); Nikolay Malshakov (17); Sally Scott (18); Stephanie Frey (19); Cebeciz (22); verdateo (26); Joeri Mostmans (27); Dewins (31); Bilalphotos (32); Anna Nelidova (33); Ralf Neumann (37); Anastasiia Malinich (39); Maneesh Upadhyay (40); Vladvitek (41); Elha Wulansari (44); Suradech Kongkiatpaiboon (45); Dwight Smith (47); Nikcoa (49); Le Thuy Do (6, 50); Multik (53); Theeraya Nanta (54); Spineback (55); Md Saidur Rahman (56); Bbbar (57); Digitalimagined (58); Iquacu (59); Vaitekune (60); Eka Jaya Permana (61); Ilham Saputra (62); Simona Pavan (63); Uros Petrovic (66); Francesco Marzovillo (67); Bowonpat Sakaew (68); Vinesh Kumar (70, 88); Qpicimages (71); Pramot Pantadet (72); Lesichkadesign (73); Boroda (76); Chernetskaya (80); Sgoodwin4813 (82); Marek Mnich (83); Matthew Benoit (87); Sophonnawit Inkaew (89); Ppy2010ha (92); Pakorn Kumruen (93); Wattanaphob (97); Kaiskynet (98); Mariusz Jurgielewicz (99); Arun Roisri (101, 105, 136); Jon Benito Iza (103); Kelly Vandellen (104); E1ena (106); Alfio Scisetti (9, 36, 48, 75, 107, 143); Mcanerciftci (109); Tetiana Kovalenko (94, 110, 111); Ganna Poltoratska (113); Nirutdt (13, 114); Likit Supasai (115); Chansom Pantip (116); Andriana Hoshko (118); Ekaterina Kriminskaia (119); Emberiza (121); Kazakovmaksim (38, 126); Shofiyatun Shofiyatun (84, 127); Mohammad Ripon (132); Chuyu (133, 134); Nguyen Thai (138); Kobkik (139); Jfanchin (140); Catocala7 (142); Antonel (145, 153); Songwuth (146); Nahhan (46, 147); Aleksander Kovaltchuk (150); Photographieundmehr (23, 65, 69, 85, 151); Joao Virissimo (152); Mohammed Anwarul Kabir Choudhury (154); Mr.somchai Sukkasem (155); Keldridge82 (156); Shanshan533 (157); Ehiltula (158). 


Pages 66-67

  • 67 Alamy Stock Photo: Adrian Davies (bc/Making babies); Ernie Janes (clb); DPA Picture Alliance / Julian Stratenschulte (cb). 

  • 67 Getty Images / iStock: Lubilub (bc); Amelia Fuentes Marin (bl). © 

  • 67 Mary Jo Hoffman: (cl). 

  • 67 Science Photo Library: John Durham (tl). 

  • 67 Damien Walmsley: (crb). 


Pages 68-69

  • 123RF.com: ariadna126 (107); voltan1 (21); Uliana Dementieva (22); vilax (6); godrick (68); Studio306 (73); Boonchuay (92); sgoodwin4813 (89, 108); Roman Samokhin / usersam2007 (29, 63); Oksana Tkachuk / ksena32 (41); Vassiliy Prikhodko (66, 90); Martin Damen (86); narongsak (94); Liubov Shirokova (95); serezniy (97); Rbiedermann (102). 

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Arterra Picture Library (118); Andrii Kutsenko (9); imageBROKER.com (14); blickwinkel (32); Panther Media Global (37); Robert Wyatt (49); Kjell Sandved (69); Zoonar GmbH (75); Thomas David Pinzer (77); Tamara Kulikova (78); Joel Douillet (82); Paolo Reda - REDA &CO (84); Friedrich von Hörsten (99); D. Hurst (60).

  • Dorling Kindersley: Gary Ombler: Green and Gorgeous Flower Farm (44); Gary Ombler: Centre for Wildlife Gardening / London Wildlife Trust (64); Mark Winwood / Hampton Court Flower Show 2014 (115). 

  • Dreamstime.com: (56); Alfio Scisetti (3); Fibobjects (10); Richard Griffin (16); Robyn Mackenzie (24); Dmytro Hrushchenko (27); Ksena2009 (62); Airubon (65); Roman Ivaschenko (67); Epitavi (85); Eleonora Scordo (87); Artaporn Puthikampol (101, 101); Artaporn Puthikampol (101, 101); Mkos83 (103); Svitlana Yefimkina (116); Anthony Baggett (117); Kedsirin Suthamsakul (28); Trevoux (33); Irochka (34); Alfio Scisetti / Scisettialfio (40); Toni Genes (46); Kostiuchenko (57); Sad444 (59); Anphotos (71, 80); Marina Lohrbach (79); Xxmajaxx (83); N Van D / Nataliavand (114). 

  • Getty Images / iStock: AntiMartina (7); sololos (43); winarm (51); cjaphoto (52); Ninell_Art (53); malerapaso (96); Lekyum (104). 

  • Getty Images: C Squared Studios / Photodisc (112); Manuel Sulzer (5); penboy (98); Lindeblad, Matilda (106); Mohamed Tazi Cherti (111). 


Pages 70-71

  • 70 Alamy Stock Photo: Lemanieh (bl). 

  • 70 Shutterstock.com: Frank Reiser (cl). 

  • 71 Alamy Stock Photo: Natural Visions / Heather Angel (bc/Blowing in the wind). 

  • 71 Getty Images: Moment / Larry Keller, Lititz Pa. (bl). 

  • 71 Science Photo Library: Merlintuttle.org (bc). 

  • 71 Shutterstock.com: hena cher (t); Amanda Jayne Smith (br). 

 

Pages 72-73 

  • 123RF.com: jessmine (19); Valerii Zan (34). 

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Biosphoto / Frederic Tournay (32); Izzzy71 (77); Marko Sarenac (67). 

  • Dreamstime.com: Akulamatiau (43, 94); Mohammed Anwarul Kabir Choudhury (1); Benjamin Simeneta (2); Noneam (5); Farmer (6); James Ebanks (7); Jaroslaw Grudzinski (11); Oksix (13); Onlyfabrizio (15); Anna Sedneva (17); Maxim Tatarinov (20); Gunnar3000 (21); Tommy Alvén (22); Glenn Price (23, 57); Fotonio (25); Gxjxgsh (26); Olena Vasylkova (27); Donyanedomam (29); Weerapat Kiatdumrong (30); Elena Schweitzer (31); Piksel (35); Iurii Brukvach (38); Anna Kucherova (42); Elena Babushkina (44); Usersam2007 (47); Alexander Canas Arango (48, 65); Vof Vermeulen Perdaen & Steyaert (49); Shariff Che\' Lah (51); Md Mahadi Hasan Rabbi (52); Lepas (58); Yong Hian Lim (61); Noam Armonn (62); Rodrigo De Souza Mendes Junqueira (68); Viktarm (69); Gueroloco28 (70); Borirak Mongkolget (71); Pichest Boonpanchua (74, 81); Freerlaw (76); Tomboy2290 (78); Avictorero (79); Jurgenfr (80); Oleksandr Shyripa (82); Jianghongyan (86); Marinodenisenko (89); Anamaria Mejia (90); Ildipapp (91); Serhiy Shullye (95); Dmitry Dikushin (98); Lyn Baxter (99); Pavel Parmenov (100); Ppy2010ha (101); Roberto Junior (107); Digitalimagined (108); Kaiskynet (110); Maceofoto (114); Picture Partners (115); Irochka (121); Sucharat Chounyoo (123); Arinahabich08 (124); Leventina (125); Antonio Ribeiro (64, 96, 126); Vinodpillai (131); S23 (134); Dewins (135); Dolphfyn (10); Banprik (8); Alfio Scisetti (24); Anton Ignatenco (97, 39); Atoss1 / Maks Narodenko (46); Kenmind76 (87). 

  • Getty Images / iStock: bhofack2 (122); jorgegonzalez (63); manbo-photo (133). 

  • Shutterstock.com: Yoel Garay (4); GSDesign (12); KARNAVALL22 (28); Raju Creative pro (33); Photoongraphy (60). 


Pages 74-75

  • 74-75 Dreamstime.com: Inna Tarasenko (tc). 

  • 74 Alamy Stock Photo: Paul Thompson Images / Chris Ballentine (bc). 

  • 74 Depositphotos Inc: Bergamont (cla). 

  • 74 Getty Images: Moment / Rosmarie Wirz (br); Stone / Mike Powles (br/Ripening). 

  • 75 Alamy Stock Photo: Gabbro (br). 

  • 75 Dreamstime.com: Draftmode (cr); Valentyn75 (cb). 

  • 75 Getty Images / iStock: Dizolator (crb); Tetiana Rostopira (tr); Tim UR (cra, c); John Shepherd (cr/Cucumber); Everyday better to do everything you love (bl). 

  • 75 Shutterstock.com: Kovaleva_Ka (crb/Peas). 


Pages 76-77

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Arterra Picture Library / De Meester Johan (62); P Tomlins (5); Taina Sohlman (11, 87); blickwinkel / Jagel (13, 21); Botany vision (15, 80); blickwinkel / A. Jagel (27); juniors@wildlife / Harms, D. (33); imageBROKER.com / Bob Gibbons (38); Perry Mastrovito (41); MediaWorldImages (44); FLPA (45); piemags / nature (46); Hans Stuessi (49); Juniors Bildarchiv GmbH / Giel, O. / juniors@wildlife (50); Graham Titchmarsh (54, 67); Nature Picture Library / Angelo Gandolfi (71); blickwinkel / McPHOTO / HRM (74); Bob Gibbons (83); CBW (88); imageBROKER.com / W. Layer (92); Lee Rentz (96); Hervé Lenain (100); Minden Pictures / Kevin Schafer (110); INTERFOTO / Botany (64). 

  • Dorling Kindersley: Neil Fletcher (30). 

  • Dreamstime.com: Aiacob9 (39); Nikolai Kurzenko (1, 17, 52, 55, 65, 90, 112); Dagui5 (2); Rob Lumen Captum (3, 57, 79); Chaudhary Hassan (4); Adrian Ciurea (10); Jon Benito Iza (7, 12); Julie Feinstein (14); Underworld (16); Jeffrey Holcombe (18); Svetlana Zhukova (19); Melinda Fawver (22); Shijianying (25); Nahhan (26); Stefan Schug (29); Jacek Mruk (32); Robert Grabowski (34); Hangyasuli Print (35, 86); Hguerrio (37); Marchgalina (40); Piotr Wytrek (42); OlgaKorica (43); Xxmajaxx (51); Aditya Riski Aziz (53); Flaviano Fabrizi (58); Iva Vagnerova (59); Tatiana Terekhina (60); Anitasstudio (63); Bohuslav Jelen (68); Roman Milert (70); Valeriy Kirsanov (72); Yaman Kumar (77); Stefans42 (84); Menno Van Der Haven (89); Michal Bednarek (91); Johnathan Esper (93); Almacro (94); Lostafichuk (95); Ktomaszuk08 (97); Redfinch (99); Nylakatara2013 (101); Alessandrozocc (102); Petrarichli (103); Luis Echeverri Urrea (104); Roman Ivaschenko (73, 105); Antonio Ribeiro (48, 78, 106); Lev Paraskevopoulos (107); Kateryna Mashkevych (8, 76, 108); Mrhighsky (109); Hellmann1 (111); Mario Krpan (113). 

  • Getty Images / iStock: Binnerstam (98). 

  • Shutterstock.com: imageBROKER.com (9); Juemoning (20); Evgeniia Zolkina (36); ptera (56); Nick Pecker (69); Maizengelter Malvina (82).


Pages 78-79

  • 78-79 Dreamstime.com: Myslitel (b).

  • 78 Dreamstime.com: Micha Klootwijk (bl). 

  • 79 Alamy Stock Photo: Associated Press / Noah Berger (cr); Nature Picture Library / Phil Savoie (tl); Bob Gibbons (tr). 

  • 79 Science Photo Library: Brian Gadsby (ca). 


Pages 80-81 

  • Alamy Stock Photo: piemags / nature (68). 

  • Dreamstime.com: Empire331 (26); Henrikhl (70); Roland Magnusson (77). 


Pages 82-83

  • 82-83 Alamy Stock Photo: Minden Pictures / Ronald Moolenaar / Buiten-beeld (bc).

  • 82 Adobe Stock: Sanja (tc/Cups). 

  • 82 Alamy Stock Photo: Jean Hall (bl). 

  • 82 Shutterstock.com: Shutter_Arlulu (tr); Emmerz (tc). 

  • 83 Alamy Stock Photo: Nature Picture Library / Chris Mattison (cl); www.pqpictures.co.uk (tl). Chien C. Lee: (br). 

  • 83 Dreamstime.com: Alexey Antipov (tr). 

  • 83 Getty Images / iStock: Cherdchai Chawienghong (cra); Weinkoetz (tc). 

  • 83 naturepl.com: Alex Hyde (cr). 


Pages 84-85

  • 123RF.com: vvoennyy (7). 

  • Alamy Stock Photo: agefotostock / J M Barres (39, 99); PB / YB (14, 42, 88, 152); Susan E. Degginger (17); RF Company / F259 (28); Dembinsky Photo Associates / Bruce Montagne (59); The Natural History Museum, London (68); World History Archive (72); Phil Degginger (57, 107, 113, 126); Universal Images Group North America LLC / DeAgostini / Photo 1 (109); SBS Eclectic Images (77, 123, 135); Siim Sepp (66, 153). 

  • Dorling Kindersley: Harry Taylor / Trustees of the National Museums Of Scotland (158); Holts Gems / Ruth Jenkinson (91); Natural History Museum, London / Colin Keates (37, 65, 115, 134); Oxford University Museum of Natural History / Gary Ombler (5, 15, 138, 164, 24); Natural History Museum, London / Tim Parmenter (38, 142); RGB Research Limited / Ruth Jenkinson (159). 

  • Dreamstime.com: Annausova75 (154); Dianabahrin (1); Atenuant (3); Vlue (8); Vvoevale (10, 81, 82, 105, 125, 131, 139); Roberto Junior (13); Ruslan Minakryn (26, 69, 70, 71, 73); Anna Suslina (27); Onlyfabrizio (32); Losmandarinas (33); Arturo Limon (34); Jarous (35); Avkost (40); Siimsepp (47); Gabriel Robledo (48); Mohamed El-Jaouhari (54); Bohuslav Jelen (64); Miriam Doerr (74); Photowitch (84); Kongsky (85); Andriana Syvanych (89); Viktoriya89 (90); Liudmyla Guniavaia (92); Globo360gradi (93); Nastya81 (95); Montree Nanta (25, 61, 100); Bjrn Wylezich (101, 119, 121, 122, 132, 136, 149, 150); Vaclav Volrab (102); Sergey Lavrentev (103); Jiri Vaclavek (106, 151); Iamtkb (111); Mrreporter (114); Andreas Wass (128); TRStudio (144); Goldminer (148); Guiyuan (160); Yury Kosourov (163); Ekaterina Kriminskaia (16, 36, 63, 11, 161, 162); Fokinol (79, 29, 41, 58); Micropic (43); Artography (6, 44); Aleksandr Nikolaev (60); Zelenka68 (83, 62); Mavkate (140); Ingemar Magnusson (22, 30, 156). 

  • Getty Images / iStock: bodnarchuk; E+ / mariusFM77 (4); photo-world (51). 

  • Shutterstock.com: Andriy Kananovych (145); Albert Russ (21, 52, 94, 141); www.sandatlas.org (147); Aleksandr Pobedimskiy (75). 


Pages 86-87

  • 86-87 Getty Images: Moment / Tomekbudujedomek (bc). 

  • 86 Alamy Stock Photo: José María Barres Manuel (cl). 

  • 86 Dreamstime.com: Vvoevale (clb). 

  • 87 Depositphotos Inc: margaryta.chebotaieva@gmail.com (cr). 

  • 87 Dorling Kindersley. Dorling Kindersley. 

  • 87 Dreamstime.com: Fokinol (tr/Haematite); Björn Wylezich (tl). 

  • 87 Getty Images / iStock: Rusm (tr/Paper). 


Pages 88-89

  • 123RF.com: Ingemar Magnusson (81). 

  • Alamy Stock Photo: Derek Anderson (147). 

  • Dorling Kindersley: (76, 88); Natural History Museum, London / Colin Keates (57, 136, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, 150); Natural History Museum, London / Tim Parmenter (1-33, 35-39, 41-43, 46-50, 52-56, 58-60, 62, 64-66, 68-72, 74-75, 77-79, 85, 87, 89-91, 93, 95-96, 98-102, 104-109, 111-113, 115-120, 122-126, 129-130, 132-133, 135, 151); Holts Gems, Hatton Garden / Richard Leeney (94). 

  • Dreamstime.com: Dlvv (83); Infinityphotostudio (40); Mikheewnik (45); Ruslan Minakryn (63); Carrie Moran (67); Epitavi (82); Jesus Garcia (84); Madalin Stancu (92); Jiri Vaclavek (103); Vvoevale (34, 44, 51, 61, 110, 127, 128, 131); Yolanda Van Niekerk (114); Mara Fribus (134); Tamara Kulikova (137); Halyna Kubei (73, 80, 86, 149). 


Pages 90-96

  • 90-91 Getty Images / iStock: E+ / JamesBrey (c). 

  • 90 Dorling Kindersley: Holts Gems, Hatton Garden / Richard Leeney (cb). 

  • 90 Getty Images / iStock: Besedin (bc); Hsvrs (bl). 

  • 91 Alamy Stock Photo: Stefan Sollfors (crb); TommyK (tc/Ruby); Valery Voennyy (tr). 

  • 91 Dorling Kindersley: Holts Gems / Ruth Jenkinson (tc). 

  • 91 Shutterstock.com: Vvoe (br). 

  • 93 Alamy Stock Photo: Nature Picture Library / John Abbott (br). 

  • 93 Dreamstime.com: Pzaxe (tl). 

  • 94 Alamy Stock Photo: Blueshiftstudios / David Cook (tl); TommyK (bl). 

  • 95 Shutterstock.com: hena cher (cr); Kovaleva_Ka (tc). 

  • 96 Dreamstime.com: Mirkorosenau (bc). 

  • 96 Getty Images / iStock: E+ / Ithinksky (tc). 

  • 96 naturepl.com: Georgette Douwma (tl).